Oxidative effects of glyphosate on the lipophobic intracellular environment in the microalgae

The studied hypothesis is that the herbicide glyphosate (GLY) can affect oxidative balance in hydrophobic intracellular medium non-target Chlorella vulgaris cells. Analytical GLY and RoundUp (RUP) supplementation, affected growth profile. A significant 42% decrease cellular biomass stationary (St) phase was observed cultures supplemented with either 5 µM of or RUP, as compared to control cultures. treatment 0.3 generated non-significant effects on oxidation rate 2’, 7’ dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA), neither exponential (Exp) nor St development, However, RUP lead a DCFH-DA rate, lipid radical (LR●) generation detected by Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (EPR), significantly increased presence Lag Exp growth. non-enzymatic antioxidants, α-Tocopherol (α-T) β-Carotene (β-C), are aimed protect membranes against damage produced reactions. content β-C not affected, cultures, any treatments, both phases development. α-T decreased supplementation GLY. LR●/α-T ratio, used indicator media, different between samples obtained from RUP-exposed microalgae both, μM RUP. data presented here showed evidence suggested environment